Contradiction Of Using Hujjah With Daif Hadith In Fadail A'mal : Analysis of the Book of Al-Targib wa al-Tarhib

Scholars of hadith have mentioned that da'if (weak) hadiths can be used for Fadail Al-A'mal (virtuous actions), but it is uncertain which type of da'if hadith can be used as evidence. Although previous researchers have conducted numerous studies on this topic, this paper aims to discuss the validity of using da'if hadiths as evidence for Fadail al-a'mal by examining the types, conditions, and replacement hadiths of da'if narrations. The conclusions presented in this paper are based on the opinions of hadith scholars, taking into account both the advantages and disadvantages. The researcher employs an analytical study method, focusing on the da'if hadiths compiled in the book "Targhib wa At-Tarhib" in the chapter on Thaharah (purification). The findings of this study indicate that Syadid al-da'ifi refers to a category of hadith that cannot be rectified. Within the Thaharah chapter of the Kitab At-Targhib and At-Tarhib, there are 118 hadiths categorized as follows: 43 authentic hadiths, 16 hasan (good) traditions, 7 da'if traditions, and 52 traditions for which al-Hafizh al-Mundhiri (the author of the book) does not mention their authenticity. Researchers have attempted to identify da'if hadith substitutes to remove the prohibition on using da'if hadiths as evidence for Fadail Al-A'mal. Consequently, out of the seven hadiths, five da'if hadiths can be replaced. The first, third, fourth, and sixth hadiths, however, do not require replacement as they are not weak.


Introduction
Hadith is the second source of Islamic law; it is essential to understand it well so that we can practice it well, too; as we all know that in general, based on its quality, hadith is divided into three; Sah̩ ih̩ , H ̩ asan, and d̩ aif.Sah̩ ih̩ hadith is at the highest level, followed by H ̩ asan hadith, while d̩ aif hadith is at the lowest level.These three categories of hadiths can be used for hujjah.There is no debate or difference between the scholars in interpreting authentic hadiths and H ̩ asan hadiths.However, not in the weak hadith.There are still pros and cons in hujjah using d̩ aif hadith.
The study of weak hadiths, as proposed by Syahrul, still raises many issues and is widely questioned in society. 1 Moreover, the application of criteria for weak hadiths that can be practiced or not practiced in the realm of virtuous deeds has not been widely undertaken.
Various studies addressing this topic are still limited to

Two Types of D ̩ aif hadith
The d̩ aif hadith cannot be practiced when the status of this d̩ aif is classified as severe or known as Syadid al-d̩ a'fi.However, when the level of d̩ aif is mild, the degree can rise to H ̩ asan li gairihi and even Sah̩ ih̩ li gairihi, so that it can be practiced.

Contradiction Of Using Hujjah With Daif Hadith In Fadail A'mal:Analysis of the Book of Al-Targib wa al-Tarhib
A da'if hadith that is syadid is a very weak hadith, to the extent that its deficiencies cannot be rectified.

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Rizki Syahrul, Ramadhan Ma'had Aly, and Hasyim Asy'ari Tebuireng, "METODE KRITIK HADIS ALI MUSTAFA YAQUB; ANTARA TEORI DAN APLIKASI," Nabawi: Journal of Hadith Studies 1, no. 1 (September 9, 2020), https://doi.org/10.55987/NJHS.V1I1.5.42.Vol. 6, No. 1, Januari -Juni 2023 Al-Bukhari: Jurnal Ilmu Hadis Contradiction Of Using Hujjah With Daif Hadith In Fadail A'mal:Analysis of the Book of Al-Targib wa al-Tarhib theoretical discussions and have not been applied in specific books.For example, an article written by Maulana Nur Kholis has not yet applied the practice of weak hadiths mentioned in the book.He presents various types of weak hadiths and the reasons for their permissibility to be practiced, along with their conditions, without applying them in a specific book.This non-applicative study of weak hadiths is not the only one circulating. 2The study of daif hadiths written by Moh.Muafi is also similar.He presents the opinions of scholars regarding the practice of weak hadiths in virtuous deeds and their influence on worship, without including their application in a book.
study of one book.The author will examine the hadiths in the book Al-Targib wa al-Tarhib specifically in the Taharah chapter.As we all know, a d̩ aif hadith can be used for fad̩ ail ala'mal without knowing the types, what the conditions are, and whether there is a replacement hadith if the scholars prohibit the d̩ aif hadith.Then the author includes an explanation for each d̩ aif hadith found accompanied by a replacement hadith based on the opinions of the scholars, both cons and pros.The book Al-Targib wa al-Tarhib, the focus of research in this paper, is the book by a hadith scholar named Imam Al-Hafiź Zakiyuddin Abdul Al-'Azim bin Abdul Qowi Al-Mundziri, a Syam national who later moved to Egypt. 4 Kitab Al-Targib wa al-Tarhib is a book that talks explicitly about God's recommendations and promises to humankind who obey Him and people who disobey by violating His commands and threats.The contents Contradiction Of Using Hujjah With Daif Hadith In Fadail A'mal:Analysis of the Book of Al-Targib wa al-Tarhib of the entire discussion of the book do not necessarily talk specifically about education, but this book is composed of several different chapters.In writing this book, Hafiź al-Mundzir tries to explain to Muslims how important it is to worship following the provisions contained in the hadith so that worship becomes an orderly worship and can change and influence the behavior of Muslims in everyday life.For this reason, in this context, Hafiź al-Mundzir explains the virtues of an act by rewarding those who carry it out obediently and giving punishments for those who violate the rules set by the Shari'a.This book consists of the Prophet SAW's hadiths regarding the things a Muslim deserves and should practice and the pleasing consequences.This kind of hadith is included in the targib category.On the other hand, this book also contains hadiths about things that Muslims should avoid and the consequences if done.This kind is included in the tarhib category. 55 Amaruddin Asra, "Al-Mundzirî Dan "al-Targhîb Wa al-Tarhîb," Al-Hikmah: Jurnal Based on a further review of the title of this thesis, it is essential to know previous research related to this research, both theoretically and scientifically.The following are some previous studies that discuss the opinions of hadith scholars in arguing with d̩ aif hadiths for fad̩ ail al-a'mal.It is undeniable that this discussion is not something new.Several previous studies have explained the blasphemy of d̩ aif hadith for fad̩ ail al-a'mal.Most of these studies focus on the argument for fad̩ ail al-a'mal without explaining its types, conditions, and replacement hadiths.Whereas in this study, the authors focused more on the d̩ aif hadith contained in the book Al-Targib wa al-Tarhib specifically in the taharah chapter.In addition, the author completes various kinds of d̩ aif hadiths and the conditions, including replacement hadiths and takhrij.In today's era, a new group has emerged who claim to be sunnah experts, but they need to understand sunnah.They only learn from books Agama Dan Ilmu Pengetahuan 8, no. 1 (April 15, 2011): 50-66.Vol. 6, No. 1, Januari -Juni 2023 Al-Bukhari: Jurnal Ilmu Hadis Contradiction Of Using Hujjah With Daif Hadith In Fadail A'mal:Analysis of the Book of Al-Targib wa al-Tarhib and never sit beside the teachers.They don't have a muttasil scientific chain of reference to the Prophet; their hobby is to invalidate hadiths, like to bid'ah practice, even disbelieve others, and reject taqlid, but instead, they follow their scholars like to judge Sah̩ ih̩ and d̩ aif a hadith according to their desires.This group believes that d̩ aif hadiths must be dismissed and cannot be practiced; only Sah̩ ih̩ and H ̩ asan hadiths can be practiced.Of course, this assumption contradicts the views of hadith scholars and fiqh scholars. 6Therefore, this research was conducted to analyze, study and examine the law on practicing d̩ aif hadiths in Fad̩ ail al-a'mal (Al-A'mal virtues), accompanied by various kinds of d̩ aif hadiths contained in the book Al-Targib wa al-Tarhib chapter taharah, and also equipped with maqbul hadiths as a replacement for these d̩ aif hadiths.The theoretical framework in this paper contains some discussion.Among others are the meaning of d̩ aif hadiths, the types of hadiths of d̩ aif, and the opinion of scholars about bashing against d̩ aif hadiths.This paper also contains the permissibility of arguing with d̩ aif hadiths, the conditions for argumentation of d̩ aif hadiths, and the prevention of attacking against d̩ aif hadiths.This research was written using the library research method, which is analytical through an approach that focuses on the book Al-Targib wa al-Tarhib chapter taharah.The author collects the hadiths of the d̩ aif contained in the book.The author manages them based on the various hadiths of the d̩ aif; after that, the author does the takhrij step and seeks some alternative hadith from the book Sah̩ ih̩ Al-Targib wa al-Tarhib by Sheikh Albani.
Ali bin Muhammad al-Imron, Al-Mudir Al-'Ilmi Li al-Masyru' Ali bin Muhammad al-Imron, (Daar Alim al-Fawaid Li an-Nasyr wa at-Tauzi'), 15, 174.Vol. 6, No. 1, Januari -Juni 2023 Al-Bukhari: Jurnal Ilmu Hadis Contradiction Of Using Hujjah With Daif Hadith In Fadail A'mal:Analysis of the Book of Al-Targib wa al-Tarhib D ̩ aif 2 first mursal hadith to Sah̩ ih̩ li gairihi, whereas based on the results of the author's takhrij in the book Sunan Abi Daud showed that the sanad was d̩ aif because there was one of the sanad which was broken between Amir bin Said al-Hubrani and bin Said al-Hubrani is a majhul .The conclusion of the first hadith is majhul.Still, it has risen in rank to H ̩ asan li gairihi because he has a shāhid/supporting hadith narrated by Imam Ahmad bin Hanbal from Abu Hurairah hadith number 8636 with sanad H ̩ asan, all of the narrators are S ̍ iqah besides al-'Ala' bin Abdurrahman al-Harqy is someone who is considered honest.That is why the sanad turns out to be H ̩ asan.Second Hadith: al-Marasil Ma'a al-Isnad Li Abi Daud 11 Abu Dawud Sulaiman bin Asy'ats bin Ishaq bin Basyir bin Syadad bin 'Amr al-Azdy Al-Sajistany, Sunan Abi Dawud (Beirut: al-Maktabah al-'Ashriyah, n.d.)., 1, 7.