Article Sidebar

Submitted
Sep 30, 2022
Accepted
Dec 5, 2022
Published
Dec 31, 2022
Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 1212 Download : 13390

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

Culture shock is one of the main problems for newcomer students. Some factors influencing culture shock include social support, emotional intelligence, and resilience. This study aimed to investigate the direct effect of social support and emotional intelligence on culture shock and indirectly through resilience. 85 newcomer students participated in the sudy filling the Culture Shock Questionnaire developed by Mumford in 1998, the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support developed by Zimmet et al in 1988, The Brief Resilience Scale by Smith in 2008, and Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire developed by Victor Dulewicz & Malcolm Higgs in 1999. The data were analyzed by using SmartPLS 3.0. The result of the study showed that social support and emotional intelligence influenced culture shock significantly. Also, the result showed that resilience had a mediation effect on those relationships. The institution or university needs to create a learning environment which facilitate diversity. Thus, guidance and counseling services should be utilized to avoid and overcome the culture shock problem.

Keywords

Culture Shock Social Support Emotional Intelligence Resilience

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Putra, E., Sujadi, E., Bustami, Y., & Indra, S. (2022). The Effect of Social Support and Emotional Intelligence on Culture Shock of the Newcomer Students: the Mediating Role of Resilience. ENLIGHTEN: Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Islam, 5(2), 66-79. https://doi.org/10.32505/enlighten.v5i2.4820

References

  1. Adler, A. (1975). The Transitional Experience: an Alternative View of Culture Shock. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 15(4), 13–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/002216787501500403
  2. Asnel, D. P. (2021). Culture Shock Mahasiswa Luar Daerah yang Menempuh Pendidikan di IAIN Kerinci. State Islamic Institute of Kerinci.
  3. Baba, Y., & Hosoda, M. (2014). Home Away Home: Better Understanding of the Role of Social Support in Predicting Cross-cultural Adjustment Among International Students. College Student Journal, 48, 1–15.
  4. Befus, C. P. (1988). A multilevel treatment approach for culture shock experienced by sojourners. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 12(4), 381–400. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/0147-1767(88)90032-6
  5. Bochner, S. (1986). Coping with unfamiliar cultures: Adjustment or culture learning? Australian Journal of Psychology, 38(3), 347–358. doi: https://doi.org/10.1080/00049538608259021
  6. Buzoianu, A., Popescu, C. A., Bob, M. H., & Suciu, S. M. (2015). Culture Shock, Social Support and Mental Health Problems in Foreign Medical Students in Romania. European Psychiatry, 30, 1940. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-9338(15)31481-4
  7. Chen, A. S., Lin, Y., & Sawangpattanakul, A. (2011). The relationship between cultural intelligence and performance with the mediating effect of culture shock: A case from Philippine laborers in Taiwan. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 35(2), 246–258. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2010.09.005
  8. Cho, H. ., & Kang, J. . (2018). Effect of Resilience, Coping, and Mental Health on Burnout of Student Nurses. Child H Ealth N u Rs Res, 24(2), 199–207. https://doi.org/10.4094/chnr.2018.24.2.199
  9. Dambi, J. M., Corten, L., Chiwaridzo, M., Jack, H., Mlambo, T., & Jelsma, J. (2018). A systematic review of the psychometric properties of the cross-cultural translations and adaptations of the Multidimensional Perceived Social Support Scale (MSPSS). Health and Quality of Life Outcomes, Vol. 16, p. 80. Division of Physiotherapy, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12955-018-0912-0
  10. Drigas, A. S., & Papoutsi, C. (2018). A New Layered Model on Emotional Intelligence. Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 8(5), 45. https://doi.org/10.3390/bs8050045
  11. Dulewicz, V., & Higgs, M. (1999). Can emotional intelligence be measured and developed? Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 20(5), 242–253. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437739910287117
  12. Etherton, K., Steele-Johnson, D., Salvano, K., & Kovacs, N. (2020). Resilience effects on student performance and well-being: the role of self-efficacy, self-set goals, and anxiety. The Journal of General Psychology, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1080/00221309.2020.1835800
  13. Gabel, R. S., Dolan, S. L., & Cerdin, J. L. (2005). Emotional intelligence as predictor of cultural adjustment for success in global assignments. The Career Development International, Vol. 10, pp. 375–395. https://doi.org/10.1108/13620430510615300
  14. Gutiérrez-Cobo, M. J., Cabello, R., & Fernández-Berrocal, P. (2016). The Relationship between Emotional Intelligence and Cool and Hot Cognitive Processes: A Systematic Review. Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience, 10, 101. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00101
  15. Hair, J. ., Hult, G. T. ., Ringle, C. ., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM): Second Edition. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications Inc.
  16. Hair, J., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (2nd ed). SAGE Publications.
  17. Hamboyan, H., & Bryan, A. K. (1995). International students. Culture shock can affect the health of students from abroad. Canadian Family Physician, 41, 1713. Retrieved from http://europepmc.org/abstract/MED/8829581
  18. Handayani, P., & Yuca, V. (2018). Fenomena Culture Shock Pada Mahasiswa Perantauan Tingkat 1 Universitas Negeri Padang. Jurnal Konseling Dan Pendidikan, 6(3), 198–204. https://doi.org/10.29210/129000
  19. Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11747-014-0403-8
  20. Hormozi, T., Miller, M. M., & Banford, A. (2018). First-Generation Iranian Refugees’ Acculturation in the United States: A Focus on Resilience. Contemporary Family Therapy, 40(3), 276–283. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10591-018-9459-9
  21. Hyman, S. M., Gold, S. N., & Cott, M. A. (2003). Forms of Social Support That Moderate PTSD in Childhood Sexual Abuse Survivors. Journal of Family Violence, 18(5), 295–300. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025117311660
  22. Keshtegar, M., & Jenaabadi, H. (2015). Relationship among Emotional Intelligence, Spiritual Intelligence and Resilience of Students at University of Zabol. International Journal of Clinical Medicine, 06(10), 759–768. doi: https://doi.org/10.4236/ijcm.2015.610102
  23. Laksmita, O. D., Chung, M.-H., Liao, Y.-M., & Chang, P.-C. (2020). Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support in Indonesian adolescent disaster survivors: A psychometric evaluation. PLOS ONE, 15(3), e0229958. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0229958
  24. Lin, C. (2006). Culture Shock and Social Support: An Investigation of a Chinese Student Organization on a US Campus. Journal of Intercultural Communication Research, 35(2), 117–137. https://doi.org/10.1080/17475750600909279
  25. Lin, N., Simeone, R. S., Ensel, W. M., & Kuo, W. (1979). Social support, stressful life events, and illness: a model and an empirical test. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 20(2), 108–119.
  26. Lin, Y., Chen, A. S., & Song, Y. (2012). Does your intelligence help to survive in a foreign jungle? The effects of cultural intelligence and emotional intelligence on cross-cultural adjustment. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 36(4), 541–552. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2012.03.001
  27. Liu, Q., Jiang, M., Li, S., & Yang, Y. (2021). Social support, resilience, and self-esteem protect against common mental health problems in early adolescence: A nonrecursive analysis from a two-year longitudinal study. Medicine, 100(4). https://doi.org/10.1097%2FMD.0000000000024334
  28. Montuori, A., & Fahim, U. (2004). Cross-Cultural Encounter as an Opportunity for Personal Growth. Journal of Humanistic Psychology, 44(2), 243–265. https://doi.org/10.1177/0022167804263414
  29. Mukminin, A. (2012). Acculturative Experiences Among Indonesian Graduate Students in US Higher Education: Academic Shock, Adjustment, Crisis, and Resolution. Excellence in Higher Education, 3, 14–36. https://doi.org/10.5195/ehe.2012.64
  30. Mumford, D. B. (1998). The measurement of culture shock. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 33(4), 149–154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001270050037
  31. Oberg, K. (1960). Cultural Shock: Adjustment to New Cultural Environments. Practical Anthropology, os-7(4), 177–182. https://doi.org/10.1177/009182966000700405
  32. Ozbay, F., Johnson, D. C., Dimoulas, E., Morgan, C. A., Charney, D., & Southwick, S. (2007). Social support and resilience to stress: from neurobiology to clinical practice. Psychiatry (Edgmont (Pa. : Township)), 4(5), 35–40. Retrieved from https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/20806028
  33. Pantelidou, S., & Craig, T. K. J. (2006). Culture shock and social support: a survey in Greek migrant students. Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology, 41(10), 777–781. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00127-006-0096-5
  34. Presbitero, A. (2016). Culture shock and reverse culture shock: The moderating role of cultural intelligence in international students’ adaptation. International Journal of Intercultural Relations, 53, 28–38. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijintrel.2016.05.004
  35. Pyvis, D., & Chapman, A. (2005). Culture shock and the international student ‘offshore.’ Journal of Research in International Education, 4(1), 23–42. https://doi.org/10.1177/1475240905050289
  36. Qi, L. Y., Roslan, S., & Zaremohzzabieh, Z. (2021). Perceived Social Support and Psychological Well-Being of International Students: The Mediating Effects of Resiliency and Spirituality. Asian Journal of University Education, 17(3), 220–234. https://doi.org/10.24191/ajue.v17i3.14502
  37. Reivich, K., & Shatte, A. (2002). The Resilience Factor: 7 Essential Skills for Overcoming Life’s Inevitable Obstacles. New York: Broadway Books.
  38. Sarason, I. G., Levine, H. M., Basham, R. B., & Sarason, B. R. (1983). Assessing social support: The Social Support Questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 44, pp. 127–139. US: American Psychological Association. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.44.1.127
  39. Schneider, T. R., Lyons, J. B., & Khazon, S. (2013). Emotional intelligence and resilience. Personality and Individual Differences, 55(8), 909–914. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.460
  40. Scorza, S. (2020). Resilience in the Face of Change: What I Learned from Culture Shock. Retrieved from Participate Learning website: https://www.participatelearning.com/blog/resilience-what-i-learned-from-culture-shock/
  41. Shin, E. J., & Park, Y. S. (2013). Emotional Intelligence, Ego Resilience, Stress in Clinical Practice of Nursing Students. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial Cooperation Society, 14(11), 5636–5645. https://doi.org/10.5762/kais.2013.14.11.5636
  42. Sippel, L. M., Pietrzak, R. H., Charney, D. S., Mayes, L. C., & Southwick, S. M. (2015). How does social support enhance resilience in the trauma-exposed individual? Ecology and Society, 20(4). Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/26270277
  43. Smith, B. W., Dalen, J., Wiggins, K., Tooley, E., Christopher, P., & Bernard, J. (2008). The brief resilience scale: assessing the ability to bounce back. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 15(3), 194–200. https://doi.org/10.1080/10705500802222972
  44. Stice, E., Ragan, J., & Randall, P. (2004). Prospective relations between social support and depression: differential direction of effects for parent and peer support? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 113(1), 155–159. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-843X.113.1.155
  45. Sujadi, E. (2021). Stres Akademik dan Motivasi Belajar Mahasiswa Mengikuti Pembelajaran Daring selama Pandemi COVID-19. Educational Guidance and Counseling Development Jounal, 4(1), 29–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24014/egcdj.v4i1.12679
  46. Sujadi, E., Yandri, H., & Juliawati, D. (2021). Perbedaan Resiliensi Siswa Laki-laki dan Perempuan yang Menjadi Korban Bullying. Psychocentrum Review, 3(2), 174–186. http://dx.doi.org/10.26539/pcr.32665
  47. Sulaiman, M., & Saputri, K. (2019). Culture Shock Among Foreign Students: a Case-Study of Thai Students Studying At Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang. English Community Journal, 3(1), 295. http://dx.doi.org/10.32502/ecj.v3i1.1695
  48. Thomas, C., & Zolkoski, S. (2020). Preventing Stress Among Undergraduate Learners: The Importance of Emotional Intelligence, Resilience, and Emotion Regulation. Frontiers in Education, 5(June), 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2020.00094
  49. Trigueros, R., Padilla, A. M., Aguilar-Parra, J. M., Rocamora, P., Morales-Gázquez, M. J., & López-Liria, R. (2020). The Influence of Emotional Intelligence on Resilience, Test Anxiety, Academic Stress and the Mediterranean Diet. A Study with University Students. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, Vol. 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062071
  50. Vergara, M. B., Smith, N., & Keele, B. (2010). Emotional Intelligence, Coping Responses, and Length of Stay as Correlates of Acculturative Stress Among International University Students in Thailand. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 5, 1498–1504. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.07.315
  51. Wald, J., Taylor, S., & Asmundson, G. (2006). Literature review of concepts: psychological resiliency. Toronto: Defence R&D Canada.
  52. Zhao, K. (2006). The impact of adjustment problems on academic achievement of international undergraduates at West Virginia University (West Virginia University). West Virginia University. Retrieved from https://researchrepository.wvu.edu/etd/845
  53. Zimet, G. D., Dahlem, N. W., Zimet, S. G., & Farley, G. K. (1988). The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Journal of Personality Assessment, 52(1), 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15327752jpa5201_2