Article Sidebar

Submitted
May 4, 2025
Accepted
Jul 11, 2025
Published
Jul 21, 2025
Download
Statistic
Read Counter : 9

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

Main Article Content

Abstract

It's so important to recognise that people with disabilities are an integral part of our multicultural society. As a Muslim community, they also have rights and obligations like other Muslim communities. However, there is still so much to be done to gain a more comprehensive understanding of taklif studies regarding legal construction for people with disabilities. This research is an exciting step forward in constructing the taklif of persons with disabilities in their capacity as legal subjects. This research uses qualitative literature methods, with the main data being the Koran and legal hadith. Secondary data is obtained through legal commentary books, articles, and others. A normative approach is used in this research to look at the legal aspect of the meaning of legal sources that are directly related to taklif for people with disabilities. This approach was also carried out to find out more about the position of taklîf for people with mental and intellectual disabilities and the influence of mental and intellectual disabilities on Ahliyyah. The findings indicate that individuals with psychosocial and complex mental disorders are not inherently affected by taklîf in terms of taklîf and Ahliyyah. Another form of disabled individual is the mukallaf, who are subject to taklîf obligations based on their skills. With regard to the right to practice religion, people with mental and intellectual disabilities can still complete zakat responsibilities as a guardian pays them. Individuals with mental and intellectual disabilities are prohibited from exploiting their assets, regardless of whether their condition is permanent or temporary. Consequently, they are subject to a guardianship system. With regard to marriage, those with modest mental and intellectual disabilities who have an ahliyah wujub and an ahliyah ada' kamilah are considered to have a lawful marriage status. Conversely, if the disability is moderate or severe and there is a need to marry, the marriage may be performed by a wali mujbir.

Keywords

Mental Disability Intellectual Disability Islamic Law Fulfillment of Rights Taklif

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

How to Cite
Masykur, F., Hikam, A. B., & Amin, M. (2025). Taklif Construction and Fulfillment of the Rights of Persons With Mental and Intellectual Disabilities From the Perspective of Islamic Law. Al-Qadha : Jurnal Hukum Islam Dan Perundang-Undangan, 12(2), 309-329. https://doi.org/10.32505/qadha.v12i2.11334

References

  1. Abd al-Karim bin ‘Ali bin Muhammad al-Namlah. Al-Jâmi‘ Li Masâ’Il Ushûl al-Fiqh Wa Tathbîqihâ ‘alâ al-Madzhab al-Râjih. Edited by Cet. 1. Riyadh: Maktabah al-Rusyd, 2000.
  2. Abd al-Malik bin Abdullâh al-Juwaynî Al-Haramain. Al-Burhan Fî Ushûl al-Fiqh. Juz 1. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-Ilmiyah, 1997.
  3. Abdul Wahâb Khallâf. Ilmu Ushul al Fiqih. Mesir: Maktabah ad Da’wah al Islamiyyah, n.d.
  4. Abû Dawûd Sulaimân bin Asy’as| as-Sajistânî. Sunan Abî Dawûd. Juz 4. Beirut: al-Maktabah al-‘Ashriyyah, 2014.
  5. Abû Hâmid Muhammad al-Gazâlî. Al-Mustashfâ. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiah, 1993.
  6. Abu Husain Muslim ibn al-Hajjaj. Shahih Muslim. Beirut: Dar Ihya al-Turats al-‘Arabi, n.d.
  7. Abu Ishaq al-Shatibi. Al-Muwafaqat. Juz 2. Kairo: Dâr Ibn ‘Affân, 1997.
  8. Agus Digdo Nugroho. Quo Vadis Pencari Keadilan Penyandang Disabilitas Di Pengadilan. t.tp: Cipta Media Nusantara, n.d.
  9. Ala’uddin Abd al-Azîz bin Ahmad al Bukhâri. Kasyf al Asrâr ‘an Ushûl al Bazdâwî. Juz 4. Beirut: Dâr al Kutub al Ilmiyyah, 1997.
  10. Alauddin ad-Dimasyqî. At-Tahbîr Syarh at-Tahrîr. Juz 2. Riyadh: Maktabah ar-Rusyd, 2000.
  11. Al-Ba’lî. Ad-Dzahl al-Harîr. Kairo: Dâr ad-Dzakhâir, 2020.
  12. Albert Wirya, et al. Asesmen Hukum Pengampuan Di Indonesia: Perlindungan Hak Orang Dengan Disabilitas Psikososial. t.tp: Lembaga Bantuan Hukum Masyarakat, 2020.
  13. al-Jara’î. Syarh Mukhtashar. Juz 1. Kuwait: Lathaif, 2012.
  14. Al-Jaziri. Al-Fiqh Ala al-Mazahib al-Arba’ah. Juz 4. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-Ilmiah, 2003.
  15. Al-Maqdisî, Muwaffaq ibn Qudâmah. Raudhat An-Nâzir. Juz 2. Beirut: Muassasah ar-Rayyân, 2002.
  16. Al-Marâgî, Ahmad Musthafâ. Tafsîr Al-Marâgî. Juz 30. Kairo: Musthafa Babi al Halabî, 2017.
  17. Al-Mardâwî. Tahrîr Al-Manqûl. Qatar: Wizarat al-Awqâf, 2013.
  18. Ambarsari, Rieska D., and Endah Puspita Sari. “Penyesuaian Diri Caregiver Orang Dengan Skizofrenia (ODS).” Psikologika : Jurnal Pemikiran Dan Penelitian Psikologi 17, no. 2 (2012): 77–85. https://doi.org/10.20885/psikologika.vol17.iss2.art9.
  19. American Psychiatric Association, DSM-5 Task Force. “Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders.” American Psychiatric Publishing, Inc. 21, no. 21 (2013): xiii. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.
  20. Arif Munandar. Ilmu Keperawatan Jiwa. Bandung: Media Sains Indonesia, 2022.
  21. Badruddîn Muhammad az-Zarkasyi. Bahr Al-Mukhîth. Edited by Juz 2. Amman: Dâr al-Kutubi, 1994.
  22. Bambang Widodo. “Upaya Memenuhi Hak Penyandang Disabilitas.” https://ham.go.id/2020/03/06/upaya-memenuhi-hak-penyandang-disabilitas/, n.d.
  23. Depkes, RI. Pedoman Penggolongan Dan Diagnosa Gangguan Jiwa Di Indonesia III (PPDGJ III). Jakarta: Depkes RI, 2013.
  24. Desy Susilawati. “Indonesia Miliki 12 Persen Penyandang Disabilitas.” https://www.republika.co.id/berita/nasional/umum/16/12’16/019,47384-indonesia-miliki-12-persen penyandang-disabilitas., n.d.
  25. Dini Widinarsih. “Penyandang Disabilitas Di Indonesia: Perkembangan Istilah Dan Definisi.” Jurnal Ilmu Kesejahteraan Sosial 20, no. 2 (2019): 127–42. https://doi.org/10.7454/jurnalkessos.v20i2.239.
  26. Elizabeth Martin. Schizophrenia. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2010.
  27. Fakhrudin ar-Râzî. Mafatîh Al-Ghaib. Juz 16. Beirut: Dâr Ihya at-Turats al-Arabî, n.d.
  28. Hasbalah Thaib. Hukum Benda Menurut Islam. Medan: Universitas Dharmawangsa, 1992.
  29. H.C. Covey. Social Perceptions of People with Disabilities in History. Springfield: Charles C Thomas Pub, 1998.
  30. Ibn Âbidîn. Hasyiyah Ibn Âbidîn. Juz 2. Beirut: Dâr al-Fikr, 2016.
  31. Ibn Amîr al Hajj. At-Taqrir Wa at-Tahbir. Juz 2. t.tp: Dâr al Kutub al Ilmiyyah, 1983.
  32. Ibn Badran. Al-Madkhal Ilâ Madzhab al-Imam Ahmad Bin Hanbal. Beirut: Muassasah ar-Risâlah, 2000.
  33. Ibn Hajar al-Asqalânî. Fathul Bârî: Syarh Shahih al-Bukhârî. Juz 1. Beirut: Dâr al Kutub al Ilmiyyah, 2012.
  34. Ibn Hajar al-Haitamî. Tuhfat Al-Muhtâj. Juz 7. Beirut: Dâr Ihya at-Turats al-Arabi, 1983.
  35. Ibn Hazm Abâ Muhammad Ali bin Ahmad. Al-Muhallâ Bil Âtsâr. Edited by Juz 4. Beirut: Dâr al-Fikr, n.d.
  36. Ibn Najar. Syarh Al-Kaukab al-Munîr. Juz 1. Riyadh: Maktabah al-‘Ubaikan, 1997.
  37. Ibn Qudâmah al-Maqdisî. Al-Mugnî,. Juz 2. Riyadh: Dâr A’lam al-Kutub, n.d.
  38. Jalâluddin al-Mahallî. Kanz Ar-Râgibîn. Juz 3. Beirut: Dâr al-Fikr, 1995.
  39. Jalâluddin as-Suyuthî. Lubâb An-Nuqûl. Beirut: Dâr al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, n.d.
  40. Jayusman. “Permasalahan Menarche Dini (Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Konsep Mukallaf).” Journal of Physical Therapy and Science 3, no. 1 (2014): 1–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.21043/yudisia.v5i1.695.
  41. Juke R. Siregar. Teori Penelitian Dan Praktik ADHD Pada Anak. t.tp: Penerbit Alumni, 2022.
  42. Keller, Matthew C, Neale, Michael C, Kendler, Kenneth S. “Association of Different Adverse Life Events with Distinct Patterns of Depressive Symptoms.” The American Journal of Psychiatry 164, no. 10 (2007): 1521–29. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.06091564.
  43. Khair, Umul. “Pelaksanaan Hak Asuh Anak Setelah Terjadinya Perceraian.” JCH (Jurnal Cendekia Hukum) 5, no. 2 (2020): 291. https://doi.org/10.33760/jch.v5i2.231.
  44. LBM PBNU. Fiqih Penguatan Penyandang Disabilitas. Jakarta: LBM PBNU, 2018.
  45. Lyvia Tjiasmanto, Purnama E.D, Tedjokoesoemo., and Anik Rakhmawati. “Perancangan Interior Pusat Informasi Dan Pengembangan Surabaya” 7, no. 2 (2019): 869–75.
  46. M. Quraish Shihab. Islam Yang Saya Anut: Dasar-Dasar Ajaran Islam. Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2018.
  47. ———. Tafsir Al-Mishbah: Pesan, Kesan Dan Keserasian al-Qur’an. Jakarta: Lentera Hati, 2002.
  48. Mary Robinson. Human Rights and Disabled Person Dalam Rachel Hurst, Are Disabled People Included? Disability Awareness in Action. UK: Freeways Print, 1998.
  49. Ma’shum Zein. Menguasai Ilmu Ushul Fiqh: Apa Dan Bagaimana Hukum Islam Disarikan Dâri Sumber-Sumbernya. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pesantren, 2016.
  50. Maslim, Rusdi. Buku Saku Diagnosis Gangguan Jiwa. Jakarta: Penerbit Bagian Ilmu Kedokteran Jiwa FK-Unika Atmajaya, 2013.
  51. Mas’ûd bin Umar at Taftazani. At Talwîh ‘ala at Tawdhîh. Juz 1. Kairo: Maktabah Shabih, 2012.
  52. Mira Yunita, Ayu, Ervi Nurafliyan Susanti, and Robby Rizky. “Implementasi Metode Weight Product Dalam Penentuan Klasifikasi Kelas Tunagrahita.” JSiI (Jurnal Sistem Informasi) 7, no. 2 (2020): 78–82. https://doi.org/10.30656/jsii.v7i2.2408.
  53. M.N. Harisudin. Ilmu Ushul Fiqh. Malang: Instrans Publishing, 2020.
  54. Muhamamd Fuad Abdul Baqi. Mu’jam Mufahras Li Alfâzh al-Qur’an. Beirut: Dâr al-Fikr, 1981.
  55. Muhammad as-Syarbîni al-Khatîb. Al-Iqnâ’ Fi Hall Alfâdz Abî Syujâ’. Jakarta: Dâr Ihya al-Kutub al-‘Arabiyah, n.d.
  56. Muhammad bin ‘Alî asy Syawkanî. Irsyâd al Fuhûl Ila Tahqîq al Haq Min ‘Ilm al Ushûl,. Cet. 1. Beirut: Dâr al Kitab al ‘Arabi, 1999.
  57. Muhammad bin Îsâ at-Tirmidzî. Sunan At-Tirmidzî. Juz 3. Kairo: Mushthafâ Bâbî al-Halabî, n.d.
  58. Muhammad bin Ismâîl al-Bukhârî. Shahîh Bukhârî. Juz 7. Beirut: Dâr Tuq an-Najat, 1422.
  59. Muhyiddin Yahya bin Syaraf an-Nawâwî. Al-Majmû’. Juz 5. Beirut: Dâr al-Fikr, n.d.
  60. Muhyidin Yahyâ bin Syaraf an-Nawâwî. Al-Minhâj Syarh Shahîh Muslim Bin al-Hajjâj. Juz 5. Beirut: Dâr Ihya at-Turats al-Arabi, 2013.
  61. Muladi. Hak Asasi Manusia: Hakekat, Konsep Dan Implikasinya Dalam Perspektif Hukum Dan Masyarakat. Bandung: PT. Refika Aditama, 2009.
  62. Novianty, Anita, and Sofia Retnowati. “Intervensi Psikologi Di Layanan Kesehatan Primer.” Buletin Psikologi 24, no. 1 (2016): 49. https://doi.org/10.22146/bpsi.12679.
  63. Pardian, Delvi. “Penerapan Terapi Suportif Dengan Teknik Guidance Untuk Meningkatkan Penghayatan Makna Hidup Pada Penderita Gangguan Bipolar Di Pondok Pesantren Al Hamid Cibubur.” Jurnal Psikologi 17, no. 1 (2019): 14–19. https://doi.org/10.47007/jpsi.v17i01.10.
  64. Purba Bagus Sunarya dkk. “Kajian Penanganan Terhadap Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus.” ABADIMAS ADI BUANA 02, no. 1 (2018): 11–19. https://doi.org/DOI:10.36456/abadimas.v2.i1.a1617.
  65. Puspaningtyas Panglipurjati. “Sebuah Telaah Atas Regulasi Dan Penetapan Pengampuan Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas Di Indonesia Dalam Paradigma Supported Decision Making.” Jurnal Paradigma Hukum Pembangunan 6, no. 2 (2021): 79–109. https://doi.org/DOI:10.25170/paradigma.v6i02.2586.
  66. Rafael Lisinus. Pembinaan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus (Sebuah Perspektif Bimbingan Dan Konseling). t.tp: Yayasan Kita Menulis, 2020.
  67. Retnosari, Ira Eko, and Rahayu Pujiastuti. “Maksim Kuantitas Dan Maksim Kualitas Dalam Tuturan Bahasa Indonesia Pada Anak Disabilitas Intelektual.” Ranah: Jurnal Kajian Bahasa 10, no. 2 (2021): 270. https://doi.org/10.26499/rnh.v10i2.4053.
  68. Santoso, Meilanny Budiarti, Budhi Wubhawa, Ishartono Ishartono, and Franzeska Venty. “Pekerjaan Sosial: Bekerja Bersama Orang Dengan Gangguan Bipolar.” Prosiding Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 5, no. 1 (2018): 14. https://doi.org/10.24198/jppm.v5i1.16019.
  69. Sayyid Sabiq. Fiqih Sunnah. Juz 3. Beirut: Dâr al-Kitab al-Arabi, 1977.
  70. Setiawan, Endra Agus, Siti Hamidah, and Istislam Istislam. “Konsep Dan Kriteria Kecakapan Bertindak Bagi Penyandang Disabulitas Autisme Menurut Persefektif Hukum Perdata Indonesia.” Jurnal Selat 5, no. 2 (2018): 161–76. https://doi.org/10.31629/selat.v5i2.554.
  71. Sis Indrawanto, Iwan. “Sindroma Hiperventilasi.” Saintika Medika 11, no. 2 (2017): 78. https://doi.org/10.22219/sm.v11i2.4201.
  72. Soedharyo Soimin. Hukum Orang Dan Keluarga. Jakarta: Sinar Grafika, 2010.
  73. Sulistyowati, Endang Caturini, and Insiyah. “Peningkatan Kualitas Hidup Orang Dengan Gangguan Jiwa Melalui Self Help Group.” Jurnal Terpadu Ilmu Kesehatan 9, no. 2 (2020): 117–268. https://doi.org/10.37341/interest.v9i2.264.
  74. Sulthon. Pendidikan Anak Berkebutuhan Khusus. Jakarta: PT. Raja Grafindo Persada, 2021.
  75. Syamsuddin al-Ashfihânî. Bayan Al-Mukhtashar. Juz 1. Madinah: Dâr al-Madanî, 1986.
  76. Taqiyyudin as-Subkî. Raf’ al-Hâjib. Beirut: ‘Âlam al-Kutub, 1999.
  77. Tim Penyusun. Kamus Bahasa Indonesia. Jakarta: Pusat Bahasa Departemen Pendidikan Nasional, 2008.
  78. Titik Triwulan Tutik. Hukum Perdata Dalam Sistem Hukum Nasional. Jakarta: Kencana, 2010.
  79. Vaishnav Krishnan, Eric J Nestler. “Animal Models of Depresi: Molecular Perspectives.” Molecular and Functional Models in NeuropsychiatrY 7, no. 1 (2011): 121–47. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1007/7854_2010_108.
  80. Wahbah az-Zuhylî. Al-Fiqhul Islâmi Wa Adillatuh. Juz 1. Damaskus: Dâr al-FikrDâr al-Fikr, n.d.
  81. Westwood P. Learning Disorders: A Response-to-Intervention Perspective. Britania Raya: Taylor & Francis, 2017.
  82. Willy F. Maramis. Ilmu Kedokteran Jiwa. Surabaya: Airlangga University Press, 2009.
  83. Yayuk Afiyanah. “Hukum Perkawinan Bagi Penyandang Disabilitas Mental Menurut Undang-Undang No. 1 Tahun 1974 Dan Undang-Undang No. 8 Tahun 2016.” Jurnal Syntax Admiration 1, no. 7 (2020): 991–1003. https://doi.org/DOI:10.46799/jsa.v1i7.132.